Purpose: The purpose of study is compares and analyzes a difference between the jinx and the routine, grasps Taekwondo athlete`s confusion example in the jinx pattern on the basis of it. And it attempts to review on `how do competitive trait anxiety and exercise stress affect in the jinx dependence` and grasps player`s psychological traits that has a jinx. Methods: This study was conducted based on data of 349 highschool Taekwondo athletes. Analysis method used t-test, one-way ANOVA, multiple regression analysis and factor analysis were carried by SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: First, trait of the jinx and the routine in this study, a difference related with the goal thinking and behavior, systemicity, physical performance was appeared, and a common ground was appeared in movement and procedure that has habituation. Second, as the result of investigation regarding jinx from the each participant, 117(69.2%) jinxes were classified as external factors and the other 52(30.8%) of them were classified as internal factors. External factors were classified further as 6 categories as the following: sports equipment, sports uniforms, etc. Internal factors were also classified further as 4 categories as the following: life patterns, body and etc. Third, competitive trait anxiety affects positive impacted on the jinx dependence and game contents dissatisfaction factor, exercise stress factor, interpersonal relation factor of exercise stress affected positive impact on the jinx dependence.

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate positive psychological capital embodied after overcoming adversity of youth football players. Methods: The data were collected through open questionnaires for 73 elementary school and middle school football players belonging to youth football clubs located in the Seoul and Gyeonggi area. A total of 262 youth football players provided data for the development and validation of the questionnaires, and 273 elementary and middle school football players from youth clubs provided data for confirmatory factor analysis. The collected open questionnaire data were categorized through inductive content analysis. The results of the categorization were extracted by using descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS 19.0 and AMOS 18.0. Results: First, a total of 114 raw data of positive psychological capital of youth football players were collected and classified into nine sub-categories, including self-belief, ability to overcome limits, patience, and footing of growth. These were divided into four categories: self-efficacy, resilience, hope and optimism. Second, positive psychological capital outcomes of youth football players derived from the exploratory factor analysis showed reasonable results in terms of mean, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis. Third, through the confirmatory factor analysis, the positive psychological capital of youth football players showed that 14 items. Conclusion: Youth football players experience adversity as a result of subjective experience and interpretation, but overcome adversity based on their own psychological resources and form positive psychological capital. We hope that this research provides insight into the concept of positive psychological capital of youth football players and spark interest in the establishment of positive psychological capital amongst youth football players.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the role of passion and job engagement in the relationship between burnout and coach-athlete perceived by coaches in sport field. Methods: For this purpose, data were collected from 115 athlete coach in South Korea through the survey. Measurement tools consisted of questionnaires on the athlete coach` burnout, coach-athlete relationship, passion, and job engagement that were designed in line with the research purpose. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, reliability testing, correlation analysis, measurement model testing, and serial multiple mediator effect test. Results: First, burnout of the coaches showed a negative relationship with passion and job engagement, while passion showed a positive relationship with job engagement. And the coach-athlete relationship was positively related with passion and job engagement. Second, the burnout perceived by the coaches decreased passion, but passion increased job engagement and job engagement improved the coach-athlete relationship. Conclusion: The burnout of the coaches was shown to make the coach-athlete relationship negatively through passion and job engagement. However, the two mediation variables were identified that could suppress the relationship between burnout and coach-athlete relationship.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the mindfulness-based psychological skills training(MBPST) on professional gymnasts. The participants of this study were five male gymnasts who participated in 12 sessions of the MBPST. Methods: To investigate the qualitative and quantitative effects of the program, three questionaries (TOPS, SSCQ, and Optimism Test) and in-depth interviews were used. Results: In the results of the quantitative analysis, it showed that all the sub factors of psychological skills measured by TOPS except self talk were increased compared to the baseline. Interestingly, the mean score of all the confidence sub-factors measured by SSCQ were decreased in the second measurement but increased at the post test compared to the baseline. The mean score of optimism was also decreased in the second measurement but increased at the end compared to the baseline. The qualitative analysis indicated that the participants obviously obtained mindful psychological skills by the benefits of the program including acceptance, self-awareness, confrontation, flexibility, self-regulation, and personal and life skill development. Conclusion: The implications of this study and future directions were discussed.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of physical activity, depression, aging anxiety and attitude toward own aging. Methods: The online survey was done and path analysis using data from 192 middle-aged adults was conducted to test the hypotheses. Results: The results were as follows: First, the hypothetical model showed reasonable model fit. Second, the physical activity directly affected aging anxiety and indirectly affected attitude toward own aging. Third, both of aging anxiety and attitude toward own aging affected depression. Finally, the relationship between physical activity and depression was mediated by aging anxiety and attitude toward own aging. Conclusion: This study identified the relationship of physical activity, depression, aging anxiety, and attitude toward own aging among the middle-aged adults. Also, this study ascertained the role of aging anxiety and attitude toward own aging as the psychological mechanism between physical activity and depression.

Purpose: This study examined the causal relationships of perceived parents` rearing attitude on moral behavior in sport among youth Taekwondo athletes. Methods: Participants were 222 Taekwondo athletes(male=161, female=61) who enrolled in elementary and middle schools. Measures were the Parental Rearing Attitude Scale(PRAS) and the Moral Behavior Scale in Sport(MBSS). Data were analyzed utilizing reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation and structural equation modeling. Results: First, the factor of parents` affection positively influenced on the antisocial behavior to the opponent, but it did not statistically related to other three sub-scales of moral behavior in sport(the prosocial behavior to the opponent, prosocial behavior and antisocial behavior to the teammate). Second, parents` hostility positively influenced on the antisocial behavior to the opponent and the antisocial behavior to the teammate. Third, parents` autonomy was positively related to the prosocial behavior to the teammate while the factor was negatively related to the antisocial behavior to the opponent and the antisocial behavior to the teammate. Finally, parents` control was negatively related to the antisocial behavior to the teammate. Model fit indices were good(TLI=.918, CFI=.933, RMSEA=.058, SRMR=.059). Conclusion: This study revealed that parents` rearing attitude is significant situational factor on moral behavior in sport among youth Taekwondo athletes.

Purpose: The present study examined the effects of accuracy constraint and aging on movement performance during continuous aiming tasks. Methods: Eleven older adults and 11 young adults were instructed to perform repetitive aiming movement to specified targets under three-accuracy constraints: 1) low accuracy (W=2cm) - minimal accuracy constraint, 2) high accuracy (W=0.64cm) - maximum accuracy constraint, and 3) mixed accuracy constraint - one target of high accuracy and another target of low accuracy. Kinematic data was collected by movement time and dwell time. Results: The results showed that movement time of older adults was increased across accuracy constraint compared to young adults. Dwell time of older adults also were longer than young adults with accuracy constraint. Conclusion: These results suggest that aging may induce deficits in ongoing planning and organizing processes during movement execution when the tasks require to assemble various accuracy requirements into more complex movement sequences.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the learning effects of enhanced success expectation probability. Methods: The test subjects were 30 female college students who had no information about the purpose of this study. The test subjects constituted 10cm, 20cm, 30cm hole size condition. The 10cm, 20cm and 30cm hole conditions were named as 20%, 60% and 90% success expectation groups, respectively. The task used in this research was 2m golf putting which is the applied clevett`s putting test. On the first day, subjects were given pilot test and group Classification test. There were no differences in putting skill between three groups after analysing the data collected during the pilot tests. Dependant variable was E(total error score). The data analysis of acquisition phase, retention, and transfer tests were carried out under 3(group)×6(block) factorial design with repeated measures on last factor or one way ANOVA. Results: The following results were reached by analysing the test data. (a) The probability of enhanced expectation is increased as the golf hole size increases. (b) 90% success expectation group were most effective than the other groups at acquisition phase, retention and transfer test. Conclusion: conclusively, this study shows that, The larger size of a golf hole, the greater the likelihood of success, which positively affects the performance and learning of golf putting.